My Experience At The Physical Education Classroom - 839 Words

Look at that freak with those colorful socks was a phrase I heard quite often during my middle school years. When I was a child, my mother gave me a green and red striped fluffy socks with a frog in the front. These socks meant the world to me. My mother would wash them every day and hang them outside to dry, ready for the next day. With these socks, I felt a certain protection from all the bullies that were in my middle school, so I celebrated. Until one day, a mean looking girl by the name of Leslie transferred to my school. Not to mention, everybody would clear the halls shortly as they would even visually perceive her reflection come their way; nobody was inclined to even show her where the physical education classroom was located. But on the other hand, I felt that perhaps if I showed her around school I would not only have one bully on my side to buttress me from the rest of the kids, but I additionally had someone that I liked in my physical education class. Without giving it a second thought I approached the mean looking girl. To my surprise, she was not the least bit as mean as people portrayed her to be. Leslie and I became good friends. Indeed, we authentically shared many things in common, like the fact that her father had passed away just like mine. After speaking for some time I shared with her that losing my father was one of the most arduous things I had ever experienced. Furthermore, I had never got to talk about it with anybody because every time I wouldShow MoreRelatedTeaching And Learning Department Of Teaching1595 Words   |  7 PagesI am currently enrolled as a teacher candidate within Southeastern Louisiana University’s College of Education and Human Development under the Department of Teaching and Learning. The department is continuously giving its teacher candidates the opportunity to display all of the knowledge, skills, and dispositions needed to become a truly effective educator in the first through fifth grade classroom setting. The Teaching and Learning Department encourages its teacher candidates to strive for excellenceRead MoreEssay on My Personal Philosophy of Education1328 Words   |  6 Pages My Personal Philosophy of Education One’s philosophy might contain views and values of education, methods of teaching, the purpose of a good education and why one uses certain curriculum. I feel that these four aspects are most important to me in my personal philosophy and will be in my classroom one day. I believe that the overall purpose of education is not only to teach students certain skills, but also to teach them to be their own person and individual thinkersRead MoreEssay Creating a Thriving Learning Environment931 Words   |  4 PagesCreating a learning environment that maximises learning and teaching in any classroom can be a task in itself, let alone creating a successful learning environment within an inclusive education setting. There are however numerous ways to do this with both advantages and difficulties in implementing such a curriculum; it seems an overwhelming experience, especially as a new teacher. Foreman (2008) likens the classroom environment to an ecosystem to which there are four interconnecting dynamics; teacherRead MorePrinciples, Policies Frameworks of Inclusive Schooling Essay1176 Words   |  5 PagesBriefly discuss how you believe policies and legislation related to Inclusive Education could influence attitudes towards the way society accepts difference. In recent times I believe there has been a heightened awareness regarding the necessity to develop Inclusive Classrooms that celebrate difference and cater for a diverse range of learning styles and needs. My belief is reflected in the increasing amount of policies and legislation being developed at both state and Commonwealth levels. TheseRead MoreEducation For Students With Disabilities803 Words   |  4 Pageslearn with â€Å"typical† children, educators continue to learn how to include these students in their classroom. There are challenges and benefits that continue to emerge for educators, children with disabilities, and their non-disabled peers. However, the educational system would agree that education for students with disabilities has improved greatly. Students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms have shown an increasing number of academic gains in a number of areas, including better test scoresRead MoreIt s Important For Educator For Foster Diversity Education And Create Inclusive Classroom1139 Words   |  5 PagesVenassa Simpson October 27, 2015 It’s important for educator to foster diversity education and create inclusive classroom that honor the multiplicity of identities and knowledge different students bring into classroom. Students and faculty in schools today are becoming increasingly diverse in their backgrounds and experiences, reflecting the diversity observed in our broader society. The center for teaching is committed to supporting diversity mostly as it meets with the wide range of teachingRead MoreClassroom Observation and Teacher Interview1428 Words   |  6 PagesClassroom Observation and Teacher Interview Leslee Reaves EDU/305CA-Child Development September 26, 2012 Greg Frates Introduction My classroom observation took place at Golden Hills Elementary School in Derek Devine’s classroom. I observed his class for a little over six hours. Mr. Devine’s class is a special education class that consisted of fourth and fifth graders. There were 14 students and a teacher’s aide. Mr. Devine seemed to be in tune with the needs of his students. Interview QuestionsRead MoreMeeting the Diverse Needs of all Students: Teaching and Learning Strategies that I Plan to Use as a New Teacher1247 Words   |  5 PagesI believe that as a teacher there will be two initial steps that I will need take in order for me to successfully offer students in my classroom an education that is accessible to all. First I will need to acknowledge that all students’ are unique individuals and that their emotional, educational, social and physical needs are diverse and will require differentiated approaches. Secondly, I need to have an attitude that values diversity and know that all students will have talents, abilities and theRead MoreCreating A Physical Environment Of Classroom1114 Words   |  5 Pagesfaculty in schools today are becoming increasingly diverse in their backgrounds and experiences, reflecting the diversity observed in our broader society. The center for teaching is committed to supporting diversity mostly as it intersects w ith the wide range of teaching and learning. There are no specific rules for responding to ethnic, gender, and cultural diversity in the classroom. Furthermore, making your classroom inviting and comfortable to help with ideas and resources will benefit student successRead MoreTeaching Diversity And Equitable Classrooms Versus Teacher Activism Essay1155 Words   |  5 Pagesbetween teaching diversity and equitable classrooms versus teacher activism. In this paper, I will be reflecting upon my experiences teaching, learning and unlearning as a teacher candidate. Throughout this course, I learned that educators should engage in critical social action, and these actions can come in many different forms. The school is a place where students can share experiences and knowledge differences. Educators can start by create a classroom environment where these conversations can

The Impact Of Media On Women s Perceptions Of Image,...

Media plays a huge role in people’s perceptions of image, gender roles, and overall self worth. The media is constantly reinforcing limiting stereotypes through television, advertisements, films, and more. These stereotypes are especially geared towards women, suggesting that they have to look and act in an overtly feminine manner in order to be accepted by society. Though there are stereotypical qualities of men illustrated in media as well, they are mostly suggesting that men are dominant and hold more power than women. Therefore, women are more negatively affected by the media than men through stereotypes and gender roles implying they aren’t capable of doing what men can. Women in the media are underrepresented, hypersexualized, and shown in very traditional roles that undermine their abilities. Women are significantly underrepresented in today’s media. The media inaccurately displays proportions of males and females in the population, which erroneously suggests that men are the cultural standard, therefore suggesting that women are imperceptible or not as important. There are trends of women being less apparent than men present in news coverage, film, and even children’s television programs. Women’s Media Center, a nonprofit organization working to ensure that women’s voices in media are heard, conducted a study that found that â€Å"Men were 69.2 percent of all TV news directors in 2014. Women were 30.8 percent, up from 28.7 percent in 2013†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Gray). Though the numbersShow MoreRelatedAdvertising Advertisements And Body Image1645 Words   |  7 Pagesindustry and SROs in ensuring that women and men continue to be portrayed positively and responsibly in advertising. History - WOMEN IN ADVERTISEMENTS AND BODY IMAGE Authors have also attempted to correlate various demographic variables such as age and education, as well as geographic variables with preferences for role portrayals in advertising. Through the ages men have been considered to be financial providers, career-focused, assertive and independent, whereas women have been shown as low-positionRead MoreThe Impact Of Social Status On Sports And Physical Activity1362 Words   |  6 Pageswithin society on a much larger scale. It evaluates the impact of social status on the types and levels of participation in sport and physical activity. The impact of power and relationships within society and the distribution of sporting resources and rewards on participation in sport and physical activity are also covered within the structural level of the framework. The interpersonal level is the relationship that affects an individual s participation and access to sport. The interpersonal levelRead MoreSelf Esteem And Body Image1263 Words   |  6 Pag es Self-Esteem Body Image â€Å"When you accept yourself the whole world accepts you.†Self-esteem is used to describe a person s sense of self-worth. Self-esteem can involve different of beliefs about themselves, such as belittling their own beliefs, appearance and behaviors. Body image is your own attitude towards your body. It’s how you see yourself, how you think and feel about the way you look. Self-esteem and body image can also be influenced by age, your ownRead MoreSocietal Expectations And Media Influences Of Body Image Essay1769 Words   |  8 PagesExpectations and Media Influences of Body Image Numerous studies have been conducted on the various aspects of the impact and societal expectations held by north America and the impacts that it has on today’s youth. Body Image is a picture or mental image of your own body and how you view it.However, during my research process, there were very few sources that supported the media’s projection of body image. As we explore all the aspects of what body image really is and what impact may the media play inRead MoreWomen and Body Image3391 Words   |  14 PagesEleven million women in the United States suffer from eating disorders- either self-induced semi-starvation (anorexia nervosa) or a cycle of bingeing and purging with laxatives, self-induced vomiting, or excessive exercise (bulimia nervosa) (Dunn, 1992). Many eating disorder specialists agree that chronic dieting is a direct consequence of the social pressure on American females to achieve a nearly impossible thinness. The media has been denounced for upholding and perhaps even creating the emaciatedRead More The Medias Influence on Body Image Essay4394 Words   |  18 Pages Eleven million women in the United States suffer from eating disorders- either self-induced semistarvation (anorexia nervosa) or a cycle of bingeing and purging with laxatives, self-induced vomiting, or excessive exercise (bulimia nervosa) (Dunn, 1992). Many eating disorder specialists agree that chronic dieting is a direct consequence of the social pressure on American females to achieve a nearly impossible thinness. The media has been denounced for upholding and perhaps even creating the emaciatedRead MoreBarbie the Teenage Fashion Doll Essay examples1212 Words   |  5 PagesThe idea of Barbie came about when a woman named Ruth Handler was watching her daughter play with dolls. In the 1950’s, girls of all ages only had paper or cardboard dolls to play with and preferred to play with cut outs of teenagers and adult dolls. So, Ruth Handler thought to ma ke The Teenage Fashion Doll for older girls, as a three dimensional doll, called Barbie, named after her daughter Barbara (Heppermann 2010). However, Mrs. Handler met resistance when she went to her husband with the ideaRead MoreWomen s Objectification Of Women3147 Words   |  13 PagesObjectification of Women in Media An Assignment Submitted by Name of Student Name of Establishment Objectification of Women in Media Introduction The mass media, in all the diversity, prevail in the contemporary society. Indeed, media technologies, as a means for mass communication, are, virtually, unavoidable, especially with the introduction of new mobile devices that enable constant access to Internet. On the one hand, the ubiquity of media enhances their attributed role as a major informationRead MoreEffective Communication And Interpersonal Communication Essay1995 Words   |  8 Pagesdistractions, or irrelevance to the receiver: If the person is not interested or cannot relate, noise is making it difficult to hear one another or making it too difficult to concentrate or give undivided attention †¢ Cultural differences and differences in perception and viewpoint: If you cannot relate or see eye to eye, way of life and beliefs, values, and morals are not mutually understood. †¢ Physical disabilities such as hearing problems or speech difficulties: Inability to comprehend or understand. DifficultyRead MoreA Black Girl s Sexual Journey1953 Words   |  8 PagesNovember 14, 2016 A Black Girl s’ Sexual Journey Multidisciplinary Paper Jocelyn Bishop Word Count: 1,744 Within the history of representation of the Black Woman on network television, content creators have reinforced images and ideals that a dark-skinned sister is no more than a deviant sexual object used for men’s pleasure. She is represented as a woman with an innate fire within her, but rarely ever the object of unbiased love and affection. Many scholars and media critics blame the lack of

Vershire free essay sample

The Weakness of Vershire Company is evaluation system is by being a little bit too modest by only utilizing the variances analysis. This kind of analysis mostly only provides the results but has no capability in reporting the causes. 5. On balance, would you re–design the management control structure at Vershire Company ? Explain ! a. First is in the style of their budget preparation. Their sales budget preparation had little flexibility when it was already approved before the start of the year and were already fixed objectives. This kind of system has an advantage of pushing its managers to strive and meet the objective budgets. However, it is a disadvantage when there are unforeseen relevant costs that are inevitable and must be incurred during the year since there is a meticulous process in covering these costs, which also requires an explanation to the bosses why the budgets have not been met. b. The second is how the company treats its Plants/Manufacturing Department as the Profit Centers. This department only accomplishes orders that the Sales Department dictate, manufacturing the quality products at the lowest reasonable cost possible considering the nature of the competitive industry. However, their performance is evaluated through the profits that the department generates via its cost standards and cost reduction targets. The assignment of the department as a cost center may be inconsistent with itsobjectives since the department itself is not the one determining the price and selling the products. c. Third is how the plant managers performance is evaluated. Since the Department of Plant is treated as profit center, the managers promotions and compensations assessments also based on their profir performance.

My graduation day free essay sample

My Graduation Day suddenly, I realized it was my last day in high school with mixed emotion and uncertain expression. Sad to leave the school which has imparted so much into me for the last 4 years. Then I sat there with a blooming joyous smile on my fave as I thought of finally being able to leave this boring repetitive life. But overall I was proud of myself finally being able to finish and complete this huddle was a great achievement and a stepping stone in my life. 12 long years of arguing with teachers over answers to unknown questions then feeling stupid after the answer was wrong, 12 years of of being frustrated. 12 years of unknowingly stepping into frequently territory. In the ceremony in front of all the teachers, younger students and parents we received our certificates. A ceremony we have watched for the past 4 years, we have sat through and watched as students cried hugged and thought it would never be like that. We will write a custom essay sample on My graduation day or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Then as you stand up an see faces of people that you have made memories with and watched as they grew up with you. After all you’ve gone through with each other, you begin to realize that you’re all in this together, despite your differences. Flashes of stories blast through your mind; funny anecdotes about stupid things that you’ve done together; tales about pulling together as one when things seem too tough. Then when you realize how much youll miss them. There’s no word to describe it. After the graduation I and my friend decided to go to an Asian restaurant somewhere in chain town. We were about twenty and we decided to have a little section to ourselves. How ever, there was also another party right beside us. At the restaurant there a were beautiful colorful array of lightening that decorated the entire room. We played a lot of drinking games and one of my friends got intoxicated and began acting up and shouting out funny things. Well I remembered telling myself how funny it would be telling him what he did. But I was also embarrassed and pissed a little. Later on I decided to call my mum to come pick me up to prevent having a clash with the other party beside us. When I was in the car going home I began thinking how it would be without my goofy friend and flashes of moments we have made together began coming to my head and as we arrive home tears started falling from my eyes, it couldn’t control it. Its is a day I will never forget in my life. It marked not only a significant end to a joyous moment nut also a beginning for new adventure to college.

mary reilly essays

mary reilly essays The novel Mary Reilly by Valerie Martin took place in London in the Victorian stage. The story served as the diary of a housemaid named Mary Reilly recording events throughout her time employing at the household of Dr. Henry Jekyll. The other important characters consist of Edward Hyde, the antagonist of the story ; the servants in the house : Mr. Poole, Mr. Bradshaw, Cook, Annie; Mr. Utterson, the solicitor of Henry Jekyll and other different supporting characters. Ever since a child, Mary had had to go through many hardships due to her father being a drunk and abusing her. The diary started out with Mary recalling the time her father had put her in the closet with a mouse. The mouse ended up biting her to serious injuries and it was from then that she was departed from her father. With that, Mary started out her first lines in recording her life at Dr. Jekylls house. Mary right away interested him because unlike other servants she was not only observant and literate, she also had a constant tranquil view of the world around her. Mary began to establish a close relationship with her master as they had a lot in common. Mary also recognized the abnormal habit of her master, who usually spent hours and hours in his laboratory ( a small cabinet in the theatre across the yard) until after midnight and would come in sometimes just before dawn. Day after day, Dr. Jekyll gained his trust in Mary. The mystery began when Mary was sent on an errand to the house of Mrs. Farraday in Soho. After her second trip there, she was confused and frightened as she was shown a room full of blood and in that room laid a handkerchief on which her masters initials imprinted. Her masters explanation of all this confused her more as he said it was just an act of charity but this seemed contrary to what Mary felt. Subsequent to this, Master informed the household that he would be having an assistant, named Edward Hyde and he was to ...

The Unsolved Case of the Long Island Serial Killer

The Unsolved Case of the Long Island Serial Killer Oak Beach, Long Island is a small, semi-secluded community located 35 miles from Manhattan on the eastern end of the barrier island called Jones Beach Island. It is part of the town of Babylon in Suffolk County, New York. The residents of Oak Beach are wealthy by most standards. The average home with a view of the water is priced at around $700,000 to $1.5 million for a home on the water. The crime rate is minuscule, at least until May 2010 when Shannon Gilbert, a 24-year-old  escort advertising on Craigslist disappeared after running from a clients home in Oak Bridge. According to Gilberts client Joseph Brewer, the young escort began to fall apart while at his home. Suffering from bipolar and reportedly not taking her medication, Gilbert called 9-1-1 from Brewers home and talked for over 20 minutes. At one point she told the 9-1-1 operator, theyre trying to kill   me. Brewer later told the police that he was unable to calm Gilbert down and asked her driver, Michael Pak, to help get her out of the house. Gilbert ended up fleeing both men and began knocking on nearby neighbors doors, screaming and pleading for help. The police were called, but when they arrived Gilbert had vanished into the night. Where she disappeared to remained a mystery for over a year. A Discovery by Chance On December 10, 2010, police detective John Mallia was training his cadaver police dog when he discovered a burlap sack buried down in the marshes of Gilgo Beach. Inside the sac were the skeletal remains of a woman, but it was not Shannon Gilbert. A search of the area turned up four more skeletal remains in December. From March through May 2011, detectives from Nassau County, Suffolk County, and the New York State Police returned to the area and worked together to search for more victims. They discovered the remains of six more victims, including the body of a small toddler girl. All of the remains were found approximately a mile apart and about five miles from where the other victims that were found in December. Long Island Serial Killer The news media was quick label the killer as the Long Island Serial Killer and the police agreed that they likely had a serial killer in the area. In June 2011, investigators offered a reward of $25,000   (up from $5,000) in exchange for information that would lead to the arrest of the person responsible. On a map, the locations of the victims remains, some just partial remains, are like dots scattered along the Ocean Parkway that leads to Jones Beach. Up close it was a macabre scene as detectives dug through the thick bramble that covered the marsh. When they finished they had the partial remains of eight female victims, one male victim dressed as a woman, and the toddler. It was not until a year later, on December 13, 2011, that the remains of Shannon Gilbert would be found in the same area. Victims Advertised Escort Service Through Craigslist Police later reported that all of the victims appeared to be sex workers who advertised their services on Craigslist. They suspect that the toddler was the child of one of the women. At first, believing that the area had become a dumping ground for a pair of serial killers, the investigators later retracted that statement, saying instead that it was the work of one killer. Investigators do not believe that Shannon Gilbert was killed by the serial killer, but by natural causes, after she became disoriented and lost in the marsh. They believe that she most likely drowned. Her mother does agree, particularly since Shannon was found face up, which is unusual for drowning victims The First Victims That Were Identified Maureen Brainard-Barnes, 25, of Norwich, Connecticut, was last seen on July 9, 2007, after leaving Norwich to go to New York City. Maureen worked as an escort and advertised on Craigslist. She was a small woman, only four feet eleven inches tall and one hundred five pounds. She got into the escort business because she needed money to pay for her home. Once she caught up on her mortgage she left the sex industry for seven months but returned to it after receiving an eviction notice. Her remains were found during the December 2010 search. Melissa Barthelemy, 24, of Erie County, New York, was last seen on July 10, 2009. Melissa worked as an escort and advertised on Craigslist. Her last known activity was on July 10 when she met up with a client, made a bank deposit of $900 into her account. She then called an old boyfriend, but he did not answer. After a week that she went missing and for five consecutive weeks after that, her young sister received phone calls from someone using Melissas cell phone. The sister described the anonymous caller as   vulgar, mocking and insulting and she suspects the caller was the person who killed her sister. Megan Waterman, 22, of South Portland, Maine, disappeared on June 6, 2010, after advertising her escort services on Craigslist. Megan was staying at a motel in Hauppauge, New York, which is located 15 miles from Gilgo Beach. Her remains were discovered in December 2010. Amber Lynn Costello, 27, of North Babylon, New York, went missing on September 2, 2010. North Babylon is located just 10 miles north of Gilgo Beach. Amber was a heroin user and a sex worker. On the night that she vanished, she had received several calls from a client offering to pay her $1,500 for her services. Her sister, Kimberly Overstreet, also a sex worker at one time, reportedly said in 2012, that she would continue to use Craigslist in the same manner as her sister, in an effort to catch her sisters killer. Jessica Taylor, 20, from Manhattan, vanished in July 2003. It was known that Jessica had worked in New York and Washinton D.C. as a sex worker. On July 26, 2003, her partial remains were found in Manorville, New York, which is located about 45 miles east of Gilgo Beach. Her nude chopped up torso was found and the head and hands were missing. On March 29, 2011, her skull, hands, and a forearm were found at Gilgo and identified through DNA.   Unidentified Victims Jane Doe No. 6: The right foot, both hands, and a human skull, were found on April 4, 2011. The rest of the unidentified victims remains were found in the same area where Jessica Taylors partial remains were found in Manorville, New York. Investigators believe that Jane Doe No. 6 was probably a sex worker. Police believe the same person is responsible for the death of both of the victims. Similar methods were used to dispose and disperse the womens remains. Police released a composite sketch of Jane Doe No. 6. She was between the ages of 18 and 35 and was around five feet, two inches tall. John Doe: The remains of a young Asian male, between the ages of 17 and 23, were discovered on April 4 at Gilgo Beach. It appeared that he had been dead for five to 10 years. The cause of death was blunt-force trauma. Investigators believe he may have worked in the sex industry. At the time of his death, he was wearing womens clothing. A composite sketch of the victim was released. Police say that he was around five foot, six inches and he was missing four teeth. Baby Doe: Located around 250 feet from Jane Doe No. 6, investigators discovered the remains of a female toddler between the ages of 16 and 24 months old. DNA tests determined that the toddlers mother was Jane Doe No. 3, whose remains were found 10 miles east, near Jones Beach State Park. It was reported that she was non-Caucasian and was wearing earrings and a necklace at the time that she was murdered. Peaches and Jane Doe No 3: On April 11, 2011, Nassau County police found the dismembered skeletal remains in Jone Beach State Park. The remains were stuffed inside of a plastic bag. The victim was named Jane Doe No 3. On June 28, 1997, the dismembered torso of a young Black female was found in Lakeview at Hempstead Lake State Park. The torso was discovered inside a green plastic container which had been dumped next to the road that ran alongside the west side of the lake. The victim had a tattoo of a peach shaped ​like a heart that had a bite out of it and there were  two teardrops on her left breast. DNA analysis identified that Peaches and Jane Doe No 3 were the same person and that she was the mother of Baby Doe. Jane Doe No. 7: Located near Tobay Beach, a human skull and several teeth were found on April 11, 2011. DNA testing showed that these remains belonged to the same person whose severed legs had been found on Fire Island on April 20, 1996.

Comparison Between the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis Essay

Comparison Between the Epic of Gilgamesh and Genesis - Essay Example The King lived approximately between 2750 and 2500 BCE. The first half of the story focuses on the friendship between Gilgamesh-king of Uruk and Enkidu. From the Epic, Enkidu is a wild man created by the gods as Gilgamesh’s peer to relieve him from oppression caused by the people of Uruk. In a joint mission, the two gentlemen began a journey to the Cedar Mountain where they defeated Humbaba. Humbaba was the monstrous guardian to the Cedar Mountain. This victory called for a celebration and they killed the Bull of Heaven for the celebration. However, this did not go well with goddess Ishtar who sentenced Enkidu to death as a punishment for the actions. The second of half of the Epic highlights how Gilgamesh was distressed at the death of Enkidu and this resulted to him taking a long and perilous journey to discover the secret of eternal life. He later learned that you cannot get everything you are looking for in life. He realized upon creation of man, the gods let death be his share and hence life withheld in their own hands. However, it is worth noting that Gilgamesh fame survived the death of Enkidu because of his account of Siduri’s advice, his great building projects and what he was told about the great flood. GENESIS Genesis is a Greek word that means â€Å"origin† or â€Å"birth†. It is the first book of the Torah or Pentateuch. Genesis is also the first book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament. Torah is a Hebrew word for â€Å"instructions† while Pentateuch is a Greek word for â€Å"five scrolls†. In regards to tradition, the Torah was dedicated to Moses by god. However, several scholars are of the opinion that Torah was composed from four different sources between 950 BCE and 500 BCE, which were later joined together around 450 BCE. The book of genesis is structured around ten toledot sections; however, modern commentators see it in terms of a primeval history. The book of Genesis is an example of â€Å"antiquarian history†. That is, a type of literature telling of the first appearance of humans, the origins of culture, the stories of ancestors, cities and heroes. Similarities There are several similarities between the epic of Gilgamesh and the book of genesis. One of the similarities lies on the flood account. The first point of similarities was the fact that God chose a righteous man to build an ark because of an impending great flood. In both cases, animals of all kinds were to be on the ark and birds were used after the rains to determine if floods waters had subsidized. After the rains stop stopped, both arks settled on mountain whereby Noah’s Ark and Utnapishtim’s on Ararat and Nisir respectively. It is worth noting that these mountains were not far from each other and sacrifices took the center stage after the flood. Apart from the floods, there was also the similarity in terms of the themes. Apart from the theme of seduction and civilization as r evealed by Eve and Shamhat; the theme of love and friendship and God’s chosen people also stood out. Themes Love and friendship The greater understanding and great love that emerged between Enkindu and the King; makes King Gilgamesh a better leader to the people of Uruk allowing him to better understand and identify with them. The epic of Gilgamesh may lack a female love interest, but the revelation of erotic love plays a vital role. Love and friendship in the epic is not considered not only as a part of life, but also as a vital part of the poem to

Planning, Siting, and Permitting of Landfills Essay

Planning, Siting, and Permitting of Landfills - Essay Example To begin, the construction of a landfill site involves investment in infrastructure to facilitate environmental measures. However, there are particular steps in the construction of a landfill. The choice of the site is an important factor. There is the need to establish and formulate a joint solid waste management program that involves the landfill component, waste reduction, recycling and improved collection (UsAid 1999). Secondly, there is the need to review the land Use policy in the areas. An official application should be submitted to the authority for the evaluation and choice of the potential site. Establish the feasibility of the project and an environmental analysis to assess the impact of the construction. There are also fatal flaws in the construction process of landfills. Position of the landfill is an important factor. The fatal flaw is the positioning of the landfill upstream and near the source of surface or ground water suitable for drinking and domestic use (UsAid 1999). However, this is a public health hazard and results in the poisoning of the local citizens. The location on highly porous soil can cause erosion which results in environmental damage. Location next to the residential, commercial and industrial developments is also a fatal problem because of the increased cost of

Organization Structure Essay Example for Free

Organization Structure Essay Tips: Or you can approach this way: 1. Briefly introduce the various organizational theories. 2. Mention that you will focus analysing two theories, where examples of principle and practice can be found from the case study, for the purpose of this task. Analyse how organizational theory underpins principles and practice of organizing and management. a. Briefly introduce the various organizational theories (Scientific management, classical administration and etc) b. Analyse in details the various organizational theories in terms of its principles and practice. ( Analysis: 1.Explain what they are, 2.describe their characteristics and under what circumstances each of them may be useful and 3.evaluate their strengths and weaknesses) c. Relate these theories, where appropriate and applicable, to the case study. d. Draw a short conclusion Tips: Or you can approach this way: 1. Briefly introduce the various organizational theories. 2. Mention that you will focus analysing two theories, where examples of principle and practice can be found from the case study, for the purpose of this task.1. Draw the organizational structures for both firms You should be able to see the differences of the two organizational structures: Tall and short hierarchical structure, narrow and wide span of management, specialization by geographic or functions or something else. These diagrams serve as the basis for you to do the following compare and contrast. 2. Compare and contrast the differences of organizational structures between the firms Based on the above diagrams, do the compare and contrast. Compare and contrast means you need to find out: * What are the things similar between the two companies? * What are the differences between the two companies? Sample answer for 2 a. Organizational structure Given the diagram, it is clear that both companies have a formal organizational structure. There are however differences between the two companies. First, Boss Ltd is taller than Agar in organizational hierarchy. (Plagarism is a serious offence. This content can be found at http://btechnd.blogpot.com/) This is due to the structure necessarily to support Boss Ltd’s geographical and product divisions that accommodate 400 more staff than Agar Ltd(Plagarism is a serious offence. This content can be found at http://btechnd.blogpot.com) . In contrast, Agar has a layer reporting hierarchy. Its line of command is shorter than that of Boss Ltd. Second, the span of management, in the case of Boss Ltd, is narrower than that of Agar. That being the case, a stronger degree of decentralised decision making is practised in Boss. Agar’s decision making mainly centralized to the CEO himself.

Teh Great Gadsby Essay -- essays research papers

The Great Gatsby is a novel that is about the rich people of the roaring twenties and in particularly about a man named Gatsby in search of the American dream. The story starts out with the narrator Nick Carraway moving from the west (Chicago) to a New York suburb called West Egg. His is trying to become a successful bond salesman. Just across the bay is where his cousin Daisy Buchanan and her husband Tom Buchanan live. But right next door is where the main character Jay Gatsby lives in a huge house, where every weekend he holds an enormous party. In the beginning Nick goes to the Buchanan mansion. There he meats Jordan Baker(a pro golfer) and he also learns that Tom is having an affair. Next Nick and Tom go to The garage where Tom tells Myrtle to be on the next train. They picked her up at the station in New York and as they are driving to the apartment Tom has rented for the affair Myrtle buys a dog. The go to the apartment and have a little party and Tom and Myrtle get in a fight and Tom breaks her nose. Next Nick is invited to Gatsby’s party, there he hears many rumors about Gatsby. Then at almost the end of the party Nick finally meets Gatsby and he learns a little about him, That he’s an Oxford man and that he inherited his fortune from his family. At the end of their conversation they set up a lunch date for the following day. At the lunch date Gatsby introduces Nick to another important character named Meyer Wolfsheim, whom is the man that rigged the 1919 World Serie... Teh Great Gadsby Essay -- essays research papers The Great Gatsby is a novel that is about the rich people of the roaring twenties and in particularly about a man named Gatsby in search of the American dream. The story starts out with the narrator Nick Carraway moving from the west (Chicago) to a New York suburb called West Egg. His is trying to become a successful bond salesman. Just across the bay is where his cousin Daisy Buchanan and her husband Tom Buchanan live. But right next door is where the main character Jay Gatsby lives in a huge house, where every weekend he holds an enormous party. In the beginning Nick goes to the Buchanan mansion. There he meats Jordan Baker(a pro golfer) and he also learns that Tom is having an affair. Next Nick and Tom go to The garage where Tom tells Myrtle to be on the next train. They picked her up at the station in New York and as they are driving to the apartment Tom has rented for the affair Myrtle buys a dog. The go to the apartment and have a little party and Tom and Myrtle get in a fight and Tom breaks her nose. Next Nick is invited to Gatsby’s party, there he hears many rumors about Gatsby. Then at almost the end of the party Nick finally meets Gatsby and he learns a little about him, That he’s an Oxford man and that he inherited his fortune from his family. At the end of their conversation they set up a lunch date for the following day. At the lunch date Gatsby introduces Nick to another important character named Meyer Wolfsheim, whom is the man that rigged the 1919 World Serie...

Analytical essay on Primo Levi’s “If This Is a Man” Essay

Primo Levi’s book ‘If This Is a Man’ is a novel about a German concentration camp, one among many novels on the same subject. However, this book is exceptional as Levi never ‘raises his voice, complains, or attributes blame’. ‘If This Is a Man’ is an objective story told in a detached tone using scientific language, which sometimes makes this book not a confession but an analysis. Nevertheless, distant tone and unemotional language bring the horrifying message across with even greater impact on readers. The saddest, the most powerful, and the most ironic chapter of the book is the central ninth chapter, called ‘The Drowned and the Saved’. Here the author’s talent as well as his training as chemist comes through in unique manner. Instead of telling the story, Levi analyses the reasons, the methods, and the effects of German concentration camps. The result is more like an essay or even lab report rather than a part of a novel. The diction of the chapter is sharply contrasted with its content, emphasizing the terrifying events described. Already the first sentence of the chapter (â€Å"What we have so far said and will say concerns the ambiguous life of the Lager.† P. 102) reveals a lot. This sentence is the first step in building up the emotionless tone through technical diction. The first person point of view used throughout previous chapters is suddenly replaced by the pronoun â€Å"we† as it is used in official documents. With every following sentence, the dryness of expression grows gradually: â€Å"To this question we feel that we have to reply in the affirmative.† (p. 102), â€Å"†¦the Lager was presumably a gigantic biological and social experiment.† (p. 102), â€Å"But another fact seems to us worthy of attention†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 103). Read Also:  Analytic Rubric for Essay The impact of language is reinforced by the structure of the chapter. As Primo Levi names the Lager to be an experiment, he writes his analysis of the reasons and effects of the concentration camp in the form of a lab report. One can clearly distinguish statement of purpose, method statement, hypothesis, observations, conditions, and conclusion – all the important parts of a lab report. However, as said before the detachedness of the structure is in sharp contrast with the content. For example, the â€Å"method  statement† (â€Å"Thousands of individuals†¦ are enclosed within barbed wire: there they live a regular, controlled life which is identical for all and inadequate to all needs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  p. 102) describes plainly and understatedly terrifying conditions of the camp. Levi does not complain, he just says that the conditions are â€Å"inadequate to all needs† but the underestimation brings the message across more powerfully, especially when compared to previous chapters. Similarly, the author writes: â€Å"And one must take into account a definite cushioning effect exercised both by the law, and by the moral state which constitutes a self-imposed law;† (p. 103), a statement, describing the conditions of â€Å"the experiment†, implying that there is no law or sense of morality in the camps. However, yet again, there are no protests or grumbles, and the reader has to find the meaning behind the statement himself. â€Å"Variables† in the experiment are two categories of men – the saved and the drowned. Sudden change of tone – from official to poetic and back to official – is used to accentuate the difference among the prisoners, to bring it across for the reader that in the Lager the only choice was either to survive or to die. Everyone struggles to survive and in this brutal exertion, all means are justified. â€Å"If some Null Achtzehn vacillates, he will find no one to extend a helping hand; on the contrary, someone will knock him aside†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (p. 103). With this line author clearly states the moral of the camps: if I’m not for myself, who will be for me? With bitter irony Levi avers that the law â€Å"to he that has will be given; to he that has not will be taken away.† (p. 104) is openly at work in the camp and to obey this law is the only possible way to survive. Thus, the morality of the Lager is the antithesis of morality of normal life the way the concentration camp itself is antithesis of normal world. This passage is even more sarcastic when the fact that Primo Levi himself was not particularly strong and capable prisoner but rather a ‘muselman’. However, as it has been mentioned in the beginning of this essay, Primo Levi’s book is different from other novels on the same topic. All the writers have shown the brutal morality, or rather immorality of the Lager and deduced from it that â€Å"the Hà ¤ftling is†¦ a man without inhibitions† (p.  103) thus giving up on the humankind. Levi’s attitude is different. He believes that humanity of the prisoners is still hidden deep in their souls waiting for an opportunity to recover. (â€Å"†¦in the face of driving necessity and physical disabilities many social habits and instincts are reduced to silence.† p. 103) and as it becomes evident in the end of the book, he proves to be right. Another fact worth mentioning about this chapter is that the title â€Å"The Drowned and the Saved† used to be also the title of the English translation of the novel, indicating hence the importance of the chapter. As a conclusion it can be said that the novel ‘If This is a Man’ by Primo Levi and especially the ninth chapter is a unique account of the horrifying actions carried out in German concentration camps as it tells the story unemotionally using scientific diction to accentuate the seriousness of matter discussed. Analysis of the reasons behind setting up the Lager, methods used to break down human soul and the effects of the actions carried out by SS officials gives an appalling insight to one of the most horrifying events of the 20th century.

Comparison of Tragic Heroes: Othello and Willy Loman Essay

Tragic heroism dominates many of the plays written in the earlier years of literature. Many of the known authors and playwrights used them in their works to represent their main character. Among the more popular tragic heroes in the literary history are Othello from Othello, the Moor of Venice by William Shakespeare and Willy Loman from Arthur Miller’s Death of a Salesman. These two characters, although both fit the qualifications of a tragic hero, do so in different ways. In Aristotle’s Poetics, he outlined the characteristics of a tragic hero as follows; first, someone who has a noble standing or who has a high position relative to his culture; he should be great, but not to the point of perfection. Spectators must be able to relate to him as a man, not someone so godly. A fatal character flaw would cause his downfall and the consequences or punishments that he receives for it usually surpass the crime. However, the fall should not be limited to pure loss but may also be an increased awareness, some kind of self-discovery or self-realization or gained self-knowledge. Othello perfectly fit the standards provided above. He was a prominent man being the general and commander of the armed forces of Venice. People respect him and look up to him because of his noble stature. However, as the play progresses, it slowly unveils the character flaws of Othello. His being so trusting of Iago, which was partly because of his military mindset of fully giving total confidence to a comrade, led him to be manipulated easily. He was lured to believe that his wife was having an affair with another man. His jealousy took the better of him, thus he was not able to think clearly. This character flaw pulled him down from the pedestal for it showed that even though he was a very prominent person, he also have some weaknesses just like all humans do. As the story comes to an end, he was overcome by his suspicion of his wife’s dalliance, which made him kill her. It was only after that incident that he realized his foolishness for believing Iago. Thus, before he took his life, he stated â€Å"Speak of one that loved not wisely, but too well, of one not easily jealous but, being wrought, perplexed in an extreme†¦. † (Act V, Scene 2). Too late was his realization of his lack of wisdom and naivete, which led to the tragic ending of the story. Willy Loman, on the other hand, has a different story. He may not be a very prominent person just like Othello, but within the realm of his culture, he is at the higher post. He was a successful businessman; he has his own home, a car, and what he perceived as a wonderful family. He saw himself as someone very important in his family and a cut above his contemporaries. This claim is evident in his statement in Act 1 where he uttered â€Å"I’m the New England man. I’m vital in New England†. This prominence, although self-perceived made him qualify for the first qualification of a tragic hero. His flaws, however, also came from the perception he had of himself. He set a high standard for his son based on what he had accomplished, which the latter failed to achieve. As he got older, he became less effective as a salesman and things began going out of hand. He made major mistakes after another including an affair with another woman, which was discovered by his son making things worse. His faults, however, are not planned but were spontaneously derived from previous misfortunes. In the end, the once very happy and contented Willy Loman became very sad and miserable that he decided to end his life through a car crash. We can see in these two characters the fulfilment of the qualifications for a tragic hero in different ways. Othello, somehow manages to fit in classically while Loman had to achieve it by diving deeper into the criteria. Nevertheless, the main idea of being a tragic hero was met by both, thus they are considered as such. This only goes to show that literature is not limited, which is a good thing because it allows writers to explore different possibilities of meeting set standards.

Thanksgiving in Germany

Thanksgiving in Germany Various cultures and nationalities celebrate a successful harvest every fall and the festivities usually involve both religious and non-religious elements. On the one hand, people offer prayerful thanks for a fruitful growing season, for enough food to survive the winter, for their community’s health and well-being, and then add their sincere desire to renew their good fortune in the coming spring. On the other hand, people also delight in having crops of fruits, grains, and vegetables to trade for non-agricultural goods that make their lives more bearable. People worldwide, especially those involved in agriculture, share these common elements after the growing season. German Thanksgiving, das Erntedankfest In Germany, Thanksgiving- (â€Å"das Erntedankfest,† i.e.,Thanksgiving Harvest Festival)- is strongly entrenched in German culture. Erntedankfest is usually observed on the first Sunday of October (04 October 2015 this year), although the timing is not hard and fast nationwide. For example, in many of the wine regions (there are a lot of them in Germany), vintners are more likely to celebrate Erntedankfest in late November after the grape harvest. Regardless of the timing, Erntedankfest is usually more religious than non-religious. At their core and despite their renowned scientific, engineering, and technological wizardry, Germans are very, very close to Mother Nature (â€Å"naturnah†), so, while the economic benefits of a bountiful harvest are always well received, Germans never forget that, without the beneficial guiding force of nature, the harvest would not have gone as well. As one would expect, Erntedankfest, whenever it takes place, includes the usual community events of preachers’ homilies reminding listeners that, whatever their successes, they didn’t achieve it on their own, of colorful parades meandering through the city center, of the selection and crowning of a local beauty as harvest queen, and, of course, of lots of food, music, drink, dancing, and generally enthusiastic revelry. In some of the larger towns, fireworks displays are not uncommon.   Since Erntedankfest stems from both rural and religious roots, some other traditions should interest you. Churchgoers load freshly harvested crops such as fruits, vegetables, and their byproducts, e.g., bread, cheese, etc., as well as canned goods, into sturdy baskets, much like picnic baskets, and take them to their church in mid-morning. Following the Erntedankfest service, the preacher blesses the food and the parishioners  Mohnstriezel distribute it to the poor. Local craftsmen and craftswomen make large, colorful wreaths from wheat or maize to display on one’s door, and they also fashion crowns of various sizes to mount on buildings and to carry in their parades. In many towns and villages, children equipped with lanterns go from house to house in the evening (â€Å"der Laternenumzug†). After the public events, individual families gather at home to enjoy a celebratory meal, often one that has been influenced by American and Canadian traditions. Who hasn’t seen treacly American films of extended families traveling great distances to be together on Thanksgiving? Fortunately, this sentimental aspect of Thanksgiving hasn’t yet polluted German Erntedankfest. The most prominent North American influence and, to many people, particularly those who favor the turkey’s abundance of white meat, the most welcome influence is the growing preference for a roasted turkey (â€Å"der Truthahn†), rather than a roasted goose (â€Å"die Gans†). Turkeys are much leaner, and, consequently, somewhat drier, while a well roasted goose is certainly more savory. If the family cook knows what s/he’s doing, a good six-kilo goose is probably the tastier choice; however, geese have a lot of fat. That fat should be drained, saved, and used to pan-fry sliced potatoes a few days later, so be prepared. Some families have their own traditions and serve duck, rabbit, or roast (pork or beef) as the main course. I’ve even enjoyed a truly magnificent carp (a scale from which I still have in my wallet as protection against poverty). Many such meals feature the superb Mohnstriezel, a sweet braided bun originating in Austria, containing poppy seeds, almonds, lemon rind, raisins, etc. Regardless of the main dish, the side dishes, which are invariably regional, are always incredibly tasty and unique. The main thing to remember about Erntedankfest is that the food and the drink are merely the background. The Erntedankfest’s real stars are â€Å"die Gemà ¼tlichkeit, die Kameradschaft, und die Agape† (the cosiness, the camaraderie, and the agape [the love of God for man and of man for God]).

Prior Knowledge Improves Reading Comprehension

Prior Knowledge Improves Reading Comprehension Using prior knowledge is an important part of reading comprehension for children with dyslexia. Students relate the written word to their previous experiences to make reading more personal, helping them to both understand and remember what they have read. Some experts believe that activating prior knowledge is the most important aspect of the reading experience. What is Prior Knowledge? When we talk about prior or previous knowledge, we refer to all of the experiences readers have had throughout their lives, including information they have learned elsewhere. This knowledge is used to bring the written word to life and to make it more relevant in the readers mind. Just as our understanding about the subject can lead to further understanding, misconceptions that we accept also add to our understanding, or misunderstanding as we read. Teaching Prior Knowledge A number of teaching interventions can be implemented in the classroom to help students effectively activate prior knowledge when reading: preteaching vocabulary, providing background knowledge and creating opportunities and a framework for students to continue building background knowledge. Pre-teaching Vocabulary In another article, we discussed the challenge of teaching students with dyslexia new vocabulary words. These students may have a larger oral vocabulary than their reading vocabulary and they may have a difficult time both sounding out new words and recognizing these words when reading. It is often helpful for teachers to introduce and review new vocabulary before beginning new reading assignments. As students become more familiar with the vocabulary and continue to build their vocabulary skills, not only does their reading fluency increase but so does their reading comprehension. In addition, as students learn and understand new vocabulary word, and relate these words to their personal knowledge of a subject, they can invoke that same knowledge as they read. Learning the vocabulary, therefore, helps students to use their personal experiences to relate to stories and information they read. Providing Background Knowledge When teaching math, teachers accept that a student continues to build upon previous knowledge and without this knowledge, they will have a much more difficult time understanding new mathematical concepts. In other subjects, such as social studies, this concept is not readily discussed, however, it is just as important. In order for a student to understand written material, no matter what the subject, a certain level of prior knowledge is needed. When students are first introduced to a new topic, they will have some level of prior knowledge. They may have a great deal of knowledge, some knowledge or very little knowledge. Before providing background knowledge, teachers must measure the level of prior knowledge in a specific topic. This can be accomplished by: Asking questions, beginning with general questions and slowly increasing the specificity of questionsWrite statements on the board based on what students have shared about the topicHave students complete a worksheet, without grading, to determine knowledge Once a teacher has gathered information on how much the students know, she can plan lessons to students further background knowledge. For example, when beginning a lesson on the Aztecs, questions on prior knowledge might revolve around types of homes, food, geography, beliefs, and accomplishments. Based on the information the teacher gathers, she can create a lesson to fill in the blanks, showing slides or pictures of homes, describing what types of food were available, what major accomplishments the Aztecs had. Any new vocabulary words in the lesson should be introduced to the students. This information should be given as an overview and as a precursor to the actual lesson. Once the review is completed, students can read the lesson, bringing in the background knowledge to give them a greater understanding of what they have read. Creating Opportunities and a Framework for Students to Continue Building Background Knowledge Guided reviews and introductions to new material, such as the previous example of the teacher providing an overview, before reading are extremely helpful in providing students with background information. But students must learn to find this type of information on their own. Teachers can help by giving students specific strategies for increasing background knowledge about a new topic: Reading summaries and conclusions of chapters in a textbookReading the end-of-chapter questions before reading the chapterReading the headings and subheadingsFor books, reading the back of the book for information on what the book is aboutOlder students can review cliff notes before reading the bookSkimming the book, reading the first line of each paragraph or reading the first paragraph of each chapterSkimming for unfamiliar words and learning definitions before readingReading short articles on the same topic As students learn how to find background information on a previously unknown topic, their confidence in their ability to understand this information increases and they can use this new knowledge to build and learn about additional topics.References: Increasing Comprehension by Activating Prior Knowledge, 1991, William L. Christen, Thomas J. Murphy, ERIC Clearinghouse on Reading and Communication Skills Prereading Strategies, Date Unknown, Karla Porter, M.Ed. Weber State University The Use of Prior Knowledge in Reading, 2006, Jason Rosenblatt, New York University

Small and Medium Enterprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Small and Medium Enterprises - Essay Example OECD (2009) in one its recent reports states that SMEs happen to be key generators of employment and income while driving the innovation and growth potential. In the OCED area half of the labour force has been employed by the SMEs only. Figures of UK employment indicate that out of 4.7 million business establishments in UK 99.3 percent were small firms with about 50 employees, while only 0.6 percent firms were there with 50-249 employees. With globalisation, the management of SMEs have now started giving more thought towards the viability of the venture in the long-term before making strategic decisions for acquiring different types of resources. The global financial crisis has also impacted the functioning of this sector quite adversely, because they do not have the desired backup of resources, which is available to the larger enterprises. While on the one hand many multinational enterprises have started leveraging the economies of operation in different regions or countries the SME s are bound to look for ways to contain the damage within the limited areas of their operation. While it is believed that even under normal circumstances, SMEs require specific policies and programmes for their survival and growth, under the global financial crisis, it appears all the more crucial that they are in a position to find out a friendly government. While on the one hand the government wishes to have more investment from abroad, thus facilitating the MNCs entry into the country, on the other the safeguard of SMEs interests happens to be a major political issue in the country. Definition Though SMEs exist in good numbers everywhere around the globe, but there is no uniformity on the definition of SME because of practical considerations. Each country has different classifications of SMEs. Some countries define SMEs based on the number of employees, while others depend on the value of the assets. In general, the lower employment limit for a small enterprise is between five to ten workers and the upper limit is between 50 to 100 workers. Similarly the upper limit for a medium enterprise is usually set between 100 and 250 employees. However, it is difficult to adopt one definition of SMEs in all the countries, because the state of the SMEs also depends on the size of the markets or the economy in which they are operating. For example, a firm with 50 employees in the USA would be considered smaller (relative to the size of the U.S. economy) than a firm of this size in Bolivia. In UK, sections 382 and 465 of the Companies Act 2006 define SME based on the turnover and numbe r of employees1. A company with a turnover of not more than 3.26 million and not more than 50 employees is considered a small company and a company with turnover of not more than 25.9 million, with not more than 250 employees is termed as medium sized company. Importance of SMEs Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) play an important role in a nation's economy. They are resources for innovation and they provide a wide base of employment. In addition, SMEs are the most essential sector for a healthy dynamic market economy. Chew

Comon Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Comon Law - Case Study Example The defendants were owners of Company making medicinal compounds used in the treatment of breathing ailments. They issued an advertisement claiming that they would offer ' 100 to anybody who could contract influenza after using their smoke balls and claimed that they had deposited '1000 in a bank as a token of their sincerity for their claims. (Lindley and Smith, 2004). The Company remonstrated that there was no contractual obligation between them and Mrs. Cargill, since she had not informed the Company of her acceptance of contract - testing and using the product. The Courts, comprising of Judges Lindley, Bowen, A. L. Smith L. JJ. held that the very fact of buying and using the product constituted acceptance and could be enforceable in a Court of Law. (Old Cases with Weird Facts Still Define our Law of Contract. 2006). 2. Terms of contract: The terms of the contract should be clear and understood by contracting parties. It should be lawful and not against public policy, and should not have "unusual hazards for the contracting party" (Contract Unenforceable Transactions) 3. Legal relationships The main objective of the parties to the contract is to enter into valid contractual obligations and create legal relationship. "The parties must intend that the offer and acceptance be binding upon them. There is a presumption operating in commercial contracts that the parties intend to create legal relations." (Contract Law). 3. Consideration: This is an important aspect of contractual law since without consideration the contract may be voidable at the option of the parties. The aspect of consideration has been the bedrock of many legal disputes but the landmark case of PepsiCo Co needs to be mentioned. In the case of Leonard v PepsiCo Inc. 88.F.Supp 2 d 116 (SD NY 1996) in which a young man sued the PepsiCo Company in an attempt to enforce an offer made through television commercial for redemption of 7,000,000 Pepsi Points for Harrier jet fighter aircraft. In this case decided in 1999, the Judge, Kimba Wood ruled that this case could not be enforced on three counts: A. PepsiCo's commercial been only an advertisement and did not constitute a valid offer to the world at large, or in other words there was no consideration flowing from the parties. It would be difficult to imagine that one could get a fighter jet aircraft for $ 7,000,000,when" the cost of a Harrier Jet is roughly $ 23 million dollars, a fact of which plaintiff was aware when he set out to gather the amount he believed necessary to accept the alleged offer." c. There was no communication between the alleged contracting parties which was enough to satisfy the Statute of Fraud, which the applicant had claimed from the company. (Leonard, 1999, p.10). Absence of consideration from both the contracting parties could be witnessed in cases of gifts, payments made for charitable purposes, etc., where there may not be mutual consideration 4. Capacity to enter into contracts: The parties entering into contract should have capacity to enter into it, like being of majority age, free from mental disabilities or under state of inebriation when entering into con

Heroes and Celebrities Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Heroes and Celebrities - Research Paper Example Celebrities on the other hand are renowned popular personalities from the entertainment, sports, social or political origin usually with professional mission – who have essentially mesmerized the common mass with extensive fan-following through media publicity, sensational enterprising which at times may have positive significance or mere dramatic impression on the community. Heroes play an essential and pivotal role shaping and developing the lives of the common mass to aspire and inspire them to the esteemed goal. However in the present scenario with the advent of the globalization, fast lifestyle and rate-race, the differentiation between the terminologies ‘heroes’ and ‘celebrities’ is often forgotten and overlapping. In this current era of ‘reality TV shows’ like Survivor, The Amazing Race, American Idol, The Swan, Extreme Makeover, Big Brother etc. with the creation of instant celebrity status and even at times infamy hypes – the cult celebrity worship has almost become synonymous to heroic aspirations. In this context the common population in the recent times have become more prone to ‘herd response’ whereby an enormous group of people react in the specific direction the media broadcasts and advertisements would attract and appeal them to through enchantment of glitz-glamour, monetary-allur ement or dream-fascination. The traditional beliefs in regards to celebrity establishment and hero-worshipping are getting fundamentally transformed from the very foundation with the presence of luck fortune and at times prosperity, the common people are gaining the celebrity prominence and becoming the social icon almost overnight, especially in shows like the American Idol, The Swan, Extreme Makeover and the like. With the introduction of cosmetic surgery and hi-tech beautification methodologies within the reach of the common contestants till that time as in the

Security Policy ATM

Security Policy ATM The purpose of this document is to define a security policy for Bank H. This policy covers. This comprehensive policy is intended to cover all aspects of information security relating to Bank H ATM machines including: installation, maintenance, and operation ATM machines and network, employee responsibilities, ramifications for customers, and the security of ATM transactions. This document is divided into three sections, each covering a key facet of information security: Organizational Policy Issue-Specific Policy System Specific Policy Organizational Policy Information security is a prime concern at Bank H. much of our information is critical in nature and must be protected not only for our own sake, but for our customers and to comply with government regulations. This makes it the responsibility of every employee of Bank H to comply with the policies established in these policies. Program Responsibility The Chief Information Security Officer has the prime responsibility for establishing and enforcing the procedures necessary for the protection of information. This person reports directly to the Chief Executive Officer and Board of Directors. A security oversight committee will also be formed consisting of the Chief Information Officer, Chief Financial Office, Chief Information Security Officer and other representatives as seen fit. This committee will meet at least quarterly to review security procedures and recommend appropriate updates. The Chief Information Security Office will be responsible for the establishment, implementation, and enforcement of information security policies on a day to day basis. Enforcement All employees of Bank H are required to adhere to the policies contained in this document. Any infringements of this policy will result in disciplinary action up to an including termination and legal action. Each employee will be required to review and sign a document indicating that he or she has reviewed and understood these policies upon hire and as part of the annual employee review process. Any employee who suspects a breach of these policies is required to immediately report the breach to his or her direct supervisor. If that is not possible, then the employee may contact the office of the Chief Information Security Officer directly. Failure to report breaches may result in disciplinary action as specified under these policies. Government Regulations The mandate for a comprehensive information security policy comes from many sources. Of foremost importance is Bank Hs concern for it employees, customers, and information assets. Additionally, due diligence is required by many overseeing government agencies. Title 12, chapter II of the Code of Federal Regulations from the Federal Reserve Board defines security policies that must be followed by banks to ensure compliance with the Bank Secrecy Act and the Bank Security Act (Regulation H: Membership of State Banking Institutions in the Federal Reserve System). Part 326 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation also details minimum security requirements for banks including: Designation of a security officer Implementation of a security program Annual reporting requirements (Part 326—Minimum Security Devices and Procedures and Bank Secrecy Act) Therefore, a main goal of this document is to establish and define a security program that meets the requirements of these and other regulatory agencies. Issue-Specific Policy The key issues that arise when considering our overall information security plan involve protecting our customers, employees, and assets. Three additional issues that must be considered are risk management, disaster recovery, and training, which all work together to support our overall goals for establishing these policies. Protecting Our Customers Whereas ATM machines provide a valuable service to our customers, it is incumbent upon Bank H to take all reasonable steps to insure the security and safety of their assets, personal information, and physical security while they are conducting transactions at a Bank H ATM machine. Regulations in the USA Patriot Act place specific requirements on banks regarding the information that customers must provide in order to open and account (Office of Thrift Supervision Staff Summary of USA Patriot Act.). Furthermore, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 places certain legal requirements on Bank H regarding the protection of sensitive information customer information (Public Law 107-204 107th Congress). Procedures below will detail necessary practices for protecting our customers including: ATM location and physical environment Authentication and verification of identity Protection of private customer information Protecting Our Employees In a real sense, establishing good security policies will protect our employees and help to insulate them from the daily risks of dealing high volumes of money and sensitive information. By clearly outlining security policies and procedures, all employees will have clear guidelines to follow to protect themselves and the assets they come into contact with. Clearly defined control procedures protect both our assets and our employees from accidental or intentional loss. A clearly defined security policy also establishes a legal standard of informed consent which is a judicial requirement that has been established by legal precedent. This document will establish procedures specific to our employees and their interactions with ATMs including: Contact with sensitive information Contact with money and other cash instruments Access to ATM equipment Protecting Our Assets Information, like money, is a valuable asset that must be protected from theft, destruction, and unauthorized access. ATMs represent a unique exposure to risk since they are often installed in locations that are outside the physical perimeter of the banks facilities. Extra precautions must be taken to protect external ATMs and ATMS located at other facilities since they will often be unattended. This policy will establish procedures to protect ATMs including: ATM Locations Environmental guidelines Minimum hardware security issues Data transmission, storage and encryption Risk Management Risk management is one of the first lines of defense in the effort to protect our customers, employees, and assets. Although the details of risk management fall outside the scope of this document, basic risk protection guidelines will be established by the Security Oversight Commission and a senior representative from risk management will be on that committee. In general, it is important that all reasonable steps will be taken to insure the company and customer assets including: FDIC insurance covering customer deposits Applicable insurance to protect ATM equipment Applicable liability coverage Disaster Recovery The ability to recover from natural and man-made disasters is an essential component of any security program. It is not the intent of the policy to create a comprehensive disaster recovery plan for the company. However, issues related to disaster recovery will be covered as applicable to ATMs including: Recovery of information and assets from equipment involved in an accident or disaster that renders the equipment inaccessible or damages or destroys the equipment Planning to mitigate the loss caused by such events Restoration of service, where applicable Training and Awareness All employees are required to attend security awareness training sessions to be coordinated and conducted by the Chief Information Security Officer a minimum of once a year. These sessions will be designed to educate employees of their responsibilities. Topics will include: Education on new and existing policies and procedures Practical training on tools and technology Awareness training on risks and mitigation System Specific Policy Special consideration must be used in protecting the systems that support our ATMs and data networks. As technology changes, so will the challenges and tools available for the security of these systems. Therefore, these policies should be reviewed on a quarterly basis and updated as necessary. ATM Machines ATMs form the core systems covered by these policies. Since many ATMs are outside the physical protection of our facilities, special care must be taken to protect them. Policies must be implemented to deal with these unique systems including: Money control procedures Technology to monitor ATMs against tampering and abuse Best-practices for installation and maintenance of ATMs Networks Data networks are necessary components of an ATM system and in some cases the most vulnerable. Therefore, all due care must be taken to insure the integrity, reliability, and security of our networks. Policies must be established regarding: Network installation and maintenance Network monitoring Network protocols and standards The use of encryption Section 2 Security Systems As the field of information security has matured, several recognized standards have evolved. Following these standards help to insure the development of comprehensive and effective security policies. A key concept in information protection is the concept of security systems. Security systems are domains of protection that establish the best practices. Our policies will be developed to cover each of these domains as appropriate. Confidentiality Confidentiality protects information from disclosure or exposure to unauthorized agents. Confidential information must be clearly indentified and reasonable steps must be taken to maintain its confidentiality. The following policies relate to confidentiality in the context of Bank H ATM security: Information will be classification so that confidential information can be identified and protected. Measures will be taken to protect confidential information in both physical and electronic form. The confidentiality of customer information is of prime importance. The confidentiality of personal employee information will also be protected. Integrity Integrity insures that information is kept in its original state and does not become corrupted at any point in the system. Systems must be implemented to protect assets from both intentional and unintentional corruption. The following policies relate to integrity in the context of Bank H ATM security: Error-checking data protocols will be used to insure the integrity of information in electronic form. Proper control procedures will be used in the handling and transport of information in physical media. Backup and archival policies will be constructed so that information may be re-created in the event of loss. All hardware and software will be maintained to insure the highest level of integrity when working with our data. Availability In order to be useful, assets must be available to those authorized to access. Some security risks are designed to block access to information and other assets. Policies that support availability include: Systems connected to external networks will have software and hardware to protect them against denial of service attacks. Disaster recovery plans will be developed and tested to insure the quick recovery of operations in the event of a disaster. ATMs will be located in areas that are accessible and convenient while appropriate measures are taken to secure them. Access control One of the first lines of defense is to limit access to an asset to authorized personnel only. This starts with locking the door and may include other devices and techniques to control access. Examples of access control include: Locked areas will be used as appropriate and policies will be developed to manage keys and access codes. The use of automated access cards or key-code locks will be used as appropriate to limit access to authorized personnel. The use of usernames, passwords, and other methods will be used to limit computer system access. Keys, codes, and other information relating to access to ATMs will be closely managed. Non-repudiation Accountability is the final key to a good security system. A clear and authentic trail of ownership and access to information and other assets must be established and maintained at all times. Examples of policies designed to enforce non-repudiation are: Fingerprints will be used to irrefutabley identify parties, as appropriate, when dealing with information in physical media. Digital certificates and digital signatures will be used to add irrefutable identification to electronic information as appropriate. Section 3 Standards The following standards have been established as minimum set of requrements that must be met in order to insure our security and protection of our assets. Compliance with these standards in mandatory at all levels. Any exceptions must be cleared in writing by the Chief Information Security Officer with the agreement of the Security Oversight Committee. Employees Before hire, all employees will sign a release document authorizing the company to perform or contract with a third party to perform a background investigation. Employees will be required to present a verified set of fingerprints which will be sent to appropriate law enforcement agencies for a criminal background check. Potential candidates who do not pass such background checks or fail to submit to them will not be considered for employment. All employees, upon hire, will be required to review and sign the following documents: A non-disclosure agreement stating that they will not disclose company information to third parties. An information confidentiality policy describing the banks information classification system and the handling of information at each level. A privacy statement informing the employee that their personal information will be held as company confidential and will not be released to third parties except as required by law. An accepted use of company resourced policy which clearly explains that all company equipment and resources, including information and service, are wholly owned by Bank H. Employees may not use any company equipment or resources for personal use. Upon hire, each employee will be issued a photo id card. This card must be displayed at all times while on company premises. When an employee leaves the company for any reason, the following procedures are to be followed: Whether the termination was for voluntary or involuntary reasons, employees will not be allowed to stay on the premises. The standard 2 week notice will be foregone and the employee will be expected to depart the premises on the same day. Any compensation due will be determined by human resource policy. Before leaving the premises, employees will conduct an exit interview. During this time the employee will reveal or return any access instruments that are outstanding in their file. Access to all computer systems or any other system that was granted to the employee will be immediately removed. Customers A valid government ID and social security card must be presented by all bank customers before an account of any kind can be opened. Copies of these documents will be made and kept on file in a secure manner. Potential customers must be cleared using industry appropriate services to insure that they are free and clear form obligations to other financial institutions before they will be allowed to establish and account. Each customer will be issued a secret Personal Identification Number (PIN) at the time they open an account. The PIN must be created using a system either randomly generates a PIN that is only known to the customer or allows the customer to enter the PIN without the revealing it to the bank employees. PINs will be immediately encrypted. At not time will a PIN be stored or transmitted in an unencrypted form. ATM cards will clearly show the full name of the customer, their card number, and a clear expiration date. ATM cards and any corresponding PIN shall not be mailed or otherwise transmitted within the same document or package. Upon closing their account, customers will return any ATM Cards in their possession. All ATM cards will be immediately disabled. Customers will be required to read and sign a document that explains their obligations for ensuring the security of their ATM cards and transactions. At a minimum, customers must agree to: Take reasonable steps to ensure that the ATM card issued to them is kept secure Notify the bank as soon as they believe that an ATM card has been lost or stolen Not let anyone else user their ATM card Not reveal their PIN to anyone else Notify the bank if their PIN has become compromised. Non customers wishing to conduct business with the bank will be required to show a valid government issued ID and must leave a fingerprint on file, preferably on the document being transacted. Employee and customer areas will be clearly marked. Customer will not be allowed in employee areas. Physical Security All company facilities shall be secured, at a minimum by doors with manual locks. Doors shall remain locked during non-business hours and at any time the facility is not occupied. A log must be kept of keys, the number of copies that have been made, and who the keys have been distributed to. Records must also be kept of keys that are reported as lost and who was reported to be in possession of the key at the time it was lost. A log must be kept of electronic codes and door access cards including who such instruments have been distributed to. Records must also be kept of access cards that are reported as lost and who was reported to be in possession of the key at the time it was lost. Employees must notify security as soon as they believe that a key, access card, or lock access code has been compromised. All bank facilities that hold money and similar must be secured by an alarm system. Employees should have the ability to trigger such alarms without detection. All ATMs must be secured with alarm systems that are triggered by unauthorized tampering. All alarm systems must be tied directly to local authorities or a registered alarm service that monitors the alarm status at all times. Monetary Access Appropriate control procedures and accounting procedures must be adhered to when dealing with money. Any area in which money is handled, held, or transported must be under constant video surveillance. Any monetary transactions exceeding $1000 must be verified and witness by a second employee. Any monetary transactions exceeding $10000 must be continuously observed by an employee who is at a higher level than the employee completing the transaction. The transport of money outside the bank facility must be handled by an authorized armored transport service and escorted by qualified armed personnel. Information Classification All information, whether in physical or electronic form, shall be assigned an appropriate level of classification based on its sensitivity and criticality. Data shall be assigned a minimum of three levels of classification. Public this information is neither sensitive nor critical to the company, nor is there any legal requirement to protect it. Confidential this is information that is sensitive in nature and should not be reveled to the general public. This classification is further subdivided into two categories: Company Confidential this information is sensitive information related to bank. Customer Confidential this is private information that belongs to a customer and must be protected by law. Critical information that is not necessarily (but may be) confidential, but is nevertheless critical to the successful functioning of the bank. ATM Equipment ATMs that require external access must still be secured in such a way that any access panels are not visible and cannot be easily accessed. All ATM machines must be under constant video surveillance. All networks shall be protected by a hardware-based firewall and other hardware and software deemed appropriate. The banks internal network shall not be exposed to public networks such as the Internet. All data transmitted via a network must be encrypted to prevent exposure to unauthorized tapping. Data protocols must be in place to validate that data is both transmitted and received in its original form. Data that does not pass validation should be rejected and logged. Network security software must be installed that constantly monitors the network for patterns and signs of attempted or actual unauthorized access. Activity that represents a threat must trigger an alarm to appropriate agencies and personnel. The daily stocking and removal of cash to and from an ATM shall be done in adherence to policies in section regarding the handling of cash detailed above. Each ATM shall use a PIN encryption device that encrypts and stores the information in a secure manner. Hardware must be implemented monitor, analyze, and authenticate any external source attempting to connect to the ATM. Unauthorized attempts must be logged and reported immediately to the monitoring agency. ATMs shall be connected to a monitoring system that automatically tracks the status of the ATM. The ATM should be configured with software that can log and securely transmit information about usage for external profiling to detect potential attacks. All ATMs must be under continual video surveillance as detailed in section 2.3 above. At no time will the customers PIN, account number, or other confidential information be displayed on the screen or any receipt. Networks All networks shall be protected by a hardware-based firewall and other hardware and software deemed appropriate. All data transmitted via a network must be encrypted to prevent exposure to unauthorized tapping. Section 4 Practices, Procedures and Guidelines This section defines the practices and procedures for the day to day operations of the company. These represent a set of guidelines which allow managers to perform their duties with due diligence, while also offering flexibility and adaptability for various environments and situations. Any questions about interpretation should be addressed the office of the Chief Information Security Officer. Employees Employees may, as appropriate, be issued certain instruments or information that allows them to access restricted areas or information. Upon receipt of any such instrument, the employee will sign a document verifying their receipt and agreeing to release the instrument back to the company when their job no longer requires it or upon termination. Instruments of this nature include, but are not limited to: ID Cards Access cards Access codes including usernames, passwords, Pins, and codes to electronic locks. Keys Customers Customers should read and sign a privacy notice informing them that their personal and financial information will be protected and not revealed to any third party except where required by law. Customers should be given a pamphlet that explains how to safely and securely use their ATM card online and at ATM machines. Physical Security The same procedures detailed in section 3.3 should be implemented for padlocks or other portable locking devices and keys to them. Doors that required access by more than 5 people should be considered for electronic access. Security officers should be present at all facilities that hold money and similar instruments during business hours. After hours, arrangements for surveillance and patrol should be implemented as appropriate. Prominent security cameras should be located both inside and outside all facilities that hold money or related instruments. These cameras should be linked to a system that records their images at all times. Computer Access In general, computers used for bank business should not be connected to the Internet. Computers that require connection to the Internet should not also be connected to the Banks internal network. Software that monitors and controls Internet activity should be used on computers connected to the Internet. The following guidelines should be used for password security: Passwords should be changed at a minimum of every 30 days. Passwords should not be reused. Passwords should contain a minimum of one number and one character and must be at least eight characters in length. Monetary Access Appropriate control procedures and accounting procedures must be adhered to when dealing with money. Any area in which money is handled, held, or transported must be under constant video surveillance. Any monetary transactions exceeding $1000 must be verified and witness by a second employee. Any monetary transactions exceeding $10000 must be continuously observed by an employee who is at a higher level than the employee completing the transaction. The transport of money outside the bank facility must be handled by an authorized armored transport service and escorted by qualified armed personnel. Information Classification Additional levels of information classification may be assigned as appropriate. All information that is considered confidential should be clearly labeled as such. Electronic confidential information should be stored in an encrypted form at all times. Physical media that is confidential should be secured in a locked location at all times. Information that is critical should be backed up an archived on a regular basis. ATM Equipment ATMs should be located inside of an existing bank facility when possible. ATMs should be installed in a well-lit area with open access. Keys and other devices that allow access to ATMs must be kept under tight security and are subject to regulations specified under section ATMs should be installed by authorized vendors who have been screened and are bonded. Records of all persons involved in the installation will be kept and archived. All vendors should supply documentation showing that the persons performing the installation have successfully passed a background check including a criminal background investigation. A schedule of preventive maintenance should be created to insure the correct functioning of all ATMs. Maintenance shall be performed only by qualified individuals. Records of maintenance should be kept including the date of the maintenance, what was done, and who performed the maintenance. These records shall be considered company confidential. Systems should be in place to prevent the tampering of ATMs or tampering with their information. ATMs should incorporate and audible alarm that is triggered by any sign of trouble. The ATMs internal software should be capable of sending alarms to the appropriate agency when the ATM is in need of service. ATMs should be secured to an immoveable foundation. The internal safe that contains the money should be manufactured, tested and rated for strength and resistance to attacks. Internal components should be protected in such a way that a single individual cannot gain access. This insures that at least two people are present with separate access codes and/or keys in order to gain access to the ATM. Mirrors should be installed to allow customers to see their surroundings while they are transacting at an ATM, but not allow others to see what they are doing. The keypad and screen of the ATM should be located in such a way that the customers body naturally blocks the keypad when it is being used. ATM usage should be monitored and analyzed to insure that each ATM is appropriately stocked with cash to meet customer demands. Networks The banks internal network should not be exposed to public networks such as the Internet. Data protocols should be in place to validate that data is both transmitted and received in its original form. Data that does not pass validation should be rejected and logged. Network security software should be installed that constantly monitors the network for patterns and signs of attempted or actual unauthorized access. Activity that represents a threat must trigger an alarm to appropriate agencies and personnel. Bibliography The following resources were used as reference material for the preparation of this document. Office of Thrift Supervision Staff Summary of USA Patriot Act. Department of Treasury. 20

aristotle :: essays research papers

Analytical Paper #3: Book 7, Ch. 4 Aristotle   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this chapter it is Aristotle’s goal to explain the ideal size of a city-state, and the proper multitude of people to inhabit that city-state. Aristotle argues â€Å"most people suppose that a happy city-state must be a great one† (line 7). This thought is wrong, he concludes, claiming that it is not the number of inhabitants that makes a city-state great, but its â€Å"ability†. â€Å"For a city-state has a task to perform, so that the city-state that is best able to complete it is the one that should be considered greatest† (line 13).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle’s second claim is that in order to have an ideal city-state, one must have the ideal inhabitants within that city-state. Typically, in large city-states a great number of the inhabitants are â€Å"slaves, resident aliens, and foreigners†, this makes for a densely populated city-state. The great city-states are the ones who have the most people that are â€Å"a part of it†. Meaning a city-state in which a majority of its inhabitants are involved in the daily activities and governing of the city-state.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle continues by stating â€Å"from the facts at least it is difficult, perhaps impossible, for an overly populated city-state to be well governed† (line 25). He argues that law is a kind of â€Å"organization†, and thus for a government to be a good government it must be well organized. Trying to organize a large city-state is impossible, it is a task for a divine power, therefore, a city-states population must be restricted. â€Å"The size of a city-state, like everything else, has a certain scale: animals, plants and tools. For when each of them is neither too small nor too excessively large, it will have its own proper capacity† (line 35). Aristotle then relates it to a ship. One that is too small is not a formidable ship. Yet one that is too large is also not worthy of being called a ship. The ship will sail badly if it is too small or too large, and so it is with city-states, one that has too few people is not self-sufficient, yet, one that consists of too many, is not ideal, because it is too hard to govern.